Heddon-on-the-Wall Local History Society
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  • Heddon 3D landscape

Heddon Hill, Ingram

12/2/2026

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Picture
Heddon Hill - 3D LIDAR Landscape on sketchfab
Heddon Hill lies between Brandon & Ingram just north of the River Breamish on the eastern edge of the Cheviot Hills in Northumberland.

"The north, south and west sides of Heddon Hill are marked by prominent bands of cultivation terraces. They have a level or near-level working width of 6m to 10m. On the less steep slopes of the hill they merge imperceptibly with old rig and furrow ploughing marks, 8m-10m wide, which form part of the extensive medieval and later agricultural pattern of the area."

K2P: N3065

"Of the DMV of Heddon, located to NU 034 178 by Godwin (5c), there is now no trace or indeed sufficient space among the rigs either at that grid reference or anywhere else on Heddon Hill. It may originally have been sited on the surrounding lower-lying ground."
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Deserted Medieval Village, Ingram

10/2/2026

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Deserted Medieval Village, Ingram, Northumberland.

Cluster of stone houses and garths with extensive broad ridge and furrow to the south. Corn drying kiln the small circle at the east end of village above the modern sheepfold.
Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
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Castle Hill, Alnham

10/2/2026

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Picture
16:58 LIDAR (DSM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
Castle Hill, Alnham, Northumberland.

Iron Age multi-vallate hillfort and Romano-British enclosed and unenclosed settlements (possibly earlier). No, LIDAR doesn't have to be grey!

Here comparing LIDAR enhanced for archaeology field survey with the Survey Plan from English Heritage's 2001 Report (by the best in the business).

"The principal monuments in the survey area are the Iron Age hillfort itself, with a sequence of overlying livestock enclosures and circular hut sites of probable Romano-British date, which continue east and north-east outside the hillfort. There is evidence for cultivation on the hillslopes during the prehistoric, Romano-British, medieval and later periods. Several trackways crossing the hilltop were also probably in use during the Romano-British period. On the north-west flank of the hill, pre-hillfort settlement is evidenced by a group of unenclosed huts which might date to the Bronze Age."


https://historicengland.org.uk/research/results/reports/118-2001
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The Kettles hillfort, Wooler

10/2/2026

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Picture
16:58 LIDAR (DSM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.

The Kettles hillfort, Wooler, Northumberland.

https://historicengland.org.uk/.../the.../list-entry/1006530

https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk/records/EN0596.html

https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../site-details/..
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Green Castle, Wooler

10/2/2026

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Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2022 - enhanced for archaeology.
Green Castle, Wooler, Northumberland.

A medieval ring-work castle.

3D lidar landscape on sketchfab: https://skfb.ly/pzDwZ

Scheduled Monument: 1019926
Picture
© Andrew Curtis (cc-by-sa/2.0) geograph.org.uk/p/8095924 Green Castle near Humbleton Burn, taken Thursday, 3 July, 2025.
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Hartside Hill, Ingram

10/2/2026

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Picture
Enhanced LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency 2022.
The prehistoric (and later) landscape of Hartside Hill west of Ingram, Cheviot Hills, Northumberland.

3D Lidar landscape on sketchfab: https://skfb.ly/oXrqz
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Grieve's Ash settlements and field system, Linhope

10/2/2026

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Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2022.
Grieve's Ash Iron Age/Romano-British settlements and co-axial field system, Linhope, Northumberland. Also known as Greave's Ash.

The western 'defended settlement' contains the foundations of at least 18 roundhouses, and an adjacent settlement scooped into the steep hillside some 200 metres to the E encloses a further 8. A series of regular fields lie to the E of the complex and include many cairns and linear dumps of field cleared stones.

Historic England's South East Cheviots Project Report (2008): https://doi.org/10.5284/1033535
Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency copyright and/or database right 2022.
"The huts are now roofless, the fires of the hearths quenched forever, the fortifications levelled; yet these ruins have outlasted the erections of more civilized times, and they still remain to tell us something of the busy population who hunted, tended flocks, tilled the ground, and quarrelled and fought, at a very distant period, in the valley of the Breamish."
'On the old Celtic Town at Greaves Ash ...' by George Tate (1861)
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Hillfort, Prendwick Chesters, Ingram

10/2/2026

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Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
Hillfort, Prendwick Chesters (Prickly Knowe), Ingram, Northumberland.

A sub-circular stone-built Iron Age hillfort now mutilated and robbed. Although now enclosed by two ramparts the outer rampart opens in the W onto a later field system and is probably a later addition. Internally the remains of at least seven stone-founded hut circles and low earth banks forming internal divisions, are interpreted as a later Romano-British phase of occupation. Rectangular buildings range along the rampart in the S and are the remains of a small medieval settlement demonstarting continuity of occupation over an extended period.

Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland (EN0475 Prendwick Chesters): EN0475

Keys to the Past: N1332

Scheduled Monument: 1006541

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High Knowes, Alnham

10/2/2026

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Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
High Knowes, Alnham, Northumberland.

High Knowes palisaded settlements, field system, linear boundary and enclosed settlement.

High Knowes A is located on the well drained SW shoulder of High Knowes, with panoramic views to the NE and E, but more restricted vistas in other directions. The settlement consists of a roughly circular double palisaded enclosure containing four timber-built house foundations, elements of which were excavated in 1962-3.

High Knowes B is situated on the SW shoulder of High Knowes commanding panoramic views to the E, and well placed to overlook the radially planned and enclosed field system. This settlement is sub-oval in plan and enclosed by a double palisade which now appears as a broad raised band of verdant vegetation up to 8m wide and 0.5m high, representing displaced upcast from the palisade trenches. The palisade circuit is complete apart from an area of disturbance in the SW which may be the site of the entrance. Internally the settlement contains the remains of thirteen complete or mostly complete house stances, two of which are for ring-ditch houses, and the remainder are of the ring-groove type. Six other fragmentary lengths of ring-groove trenches are scattered about the settlement suggesting the presence of further buildings.

Scheduled Monument: 1020254
Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) © Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
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Enclosures, South-East Cheviot Hills

10/2/2026

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Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
Sourth-East Cheviot Hills, Northumberland.

Features here date from the Neolithic though Bronze and Iron Ages, but a lot of what you see is Medieval or later, much still unknown. Best viewed on PC/laptop where you can zoom in closer. The area has been well explored by aerial photography and on the ground but there is more here to find on LIDAR. Treat it as an exercise in identification and interpretation. As a starter, how many large enclosures can you see on the (blue) S-facing slope above the forest plantation? One of them is peppered inside with clearance cairns (white). Some of the banks which surround them are as low as 20cm - hardly visible to the eye on the ground, and only with the best light and vegetation from the air.
Picture
LIDAR (DSM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
Three of the five large enclosures (numbered in yellow) accepted as new records by Northumberland HER.
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