LIDAR (DTM, 1m) copyright Environment Agency (2022) - enhanced for archaeology.
An Iron Age defended settlement on Slate Hill 300m NW of Bolam Lake. Scheduled Monument. Roughly semicircular in shape and measuring a maximum of 98m E-W by 62m N-S within four concentric ramparts on the N and W sides. A single rampart survives on the E side where it has been damaged by surface quarrying. The earth and stone ramparts measure 4m to 6m wide and are 1.4m high, terraced into the sloping hillside. There is a probable original entrance on the W side.
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https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
Just S of Bolam Lake and the road is a rectilinear ditched enclosure with entrance to the E at Bolam Low House. Considered to be a native settlement of the Romano-British period.
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https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
Medieval broad rig & furrow curved (reverse-S) ploughing partly destroyed by post-medieval surface quarrying and bell pits from coal mining.
Top left, W of a tree and not hugely different in appearance from a bell pit or spoil heap, is the remains of a Bronze Age round cairn (tumulus), spread out by later ploughing. The stone and earth cairn is 11m in diameter and stands to a maximum height of 1.5m. A large hole in the centre of the cairn is the result of partial antiquarian excavation. A Scheduled Monument.
https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
Top left, W of a tree and not hugely different in appearance from a bell pit or spoil heap, is the remains of a Bronze Age round cairn (tumulus), spread out by later ploughing. The stone and earth cairn is 11m in diameter and stands to a maximum height of 1.5m. A large hole in the centre of the cairn is the result of partial antiquarian excavation. A Scheduled Monument.
https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
On the left, an oval-shaped Iron Age hillfort, or defended settlement & Scheduled Monument. Thought to have been the location of a tower house (Peel) built in the mid 12th century, but dilapidated and abandoned by the 13th century.
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The deserted village of Bolam extends W-E across to the right side just bove the road. It was first mentioned in documents in 1168. It was large enough to be granted a market and fair in 1305 when it consisted of a green enclosed by two rows of houses. An agreement to partition the township was made in 1597 and represents the first recorded stage in the depopulation of the village. It provided for the construction of a hedged dike (clearly visible on lidar) running north-south dividing the village and township into two parts.
During the 18th century the number of houses remaining in the village gradually declined. Hodgson recorded that the last of the houses had disappeared soon after 1810. The only surviving buildings were the vicarage, schoolhouse, a farmstead, public house, two cottages and the church and hall. The site is now emparked and only the hall, vicarage and church survive. St Andrew's Church was founded in Anglo-Saxon times, its Saxon tower being the most distinguised feature.
You can see a row of crofts on the south side of the village but those to the north of the former village green have been largely destroyed.
https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
The deserted village of Bolam extends W-E across to the right side just bove the road. It was first mentioned in documents in 1168. It was large enough to be granted a market and fair in 1305 when it consisted of a green enclosed by two rows of houses. An agreement to partition the township was made in 1597 and represents the first recorded stage in the depopulation of the village. It provided for the construction of a hedged dike (clearly visible on lidar) running north-south dividing the village and township into two parts.
During the 18th century the number of houses remaining in the village gradually declined. Hodgson recorded that the last of the houses had disappeared soon after 1810. The only surviving buildings were the vicarage, schoolhouse, a farmstead, public house, two cottages and the church and hall. The site is now emparked and only the hall, vicarage and church survive. St Andrew's Church was founded in Anglo-Saxon times, its Saxon tower being the most distinguised feature.
You can see a row of crofts on the south side of the village but those to the north of the former village green have been largely destroyed.
https://keystothepast.info/.../results.../Site-Details/...
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